Analyzing the Relationship Between Anemia and Diabetic (Foot Ulcer) at Department of Medicine KTH Peshawar a Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Diabetes complications like diabetic (foot ulcer) (DFU) are frequent and may be incapacitating. Patients with diabetes who have anemia have a higher chance of developing DFU.

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between anemia and DFU in the patients.

Methods: This study  was carried out at the department of Medical Unit Khyber Teaching Hospital from  1^st  March 2022 to 31^st  March 2023 in Pakistan. Sample size 50  All patients with diabetes and DFU were included. The following demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters were compared between patients with and without anemia ( age, sex, body mass index) (BMI), type of diabetes, duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and serum ferritin levels.

Results: The study comprised 90 participants with both diabetes and DFU. 39 (43.3%) of these individuals had anemia. There was no significant difference in the [mean age] (p=0.664), [sex] (p=0.392),[ BMI] (p=0.532), type of diabetes (p=0.505), duration of diabetes (p=0.084), and HbA1c (p=0.194) between the [anemic and non-anemic] patients. However, the (mean serum ferritin levels) were significantly lower in anemic patients compared  with non-anemic patients [p<0.001].

Conclusion: Lower serum ferritin levels are linked to anemia, a prevalent complication in DFU patients. To assess the involvement of anemia in the onset and course of DFU, further research is required.

Keywords: Anemia, Diabetic, Foot Ulcer, Department of Medicine, KTH Peshawar, Cross-Sectional Study.